PE

Envidia del Pene 6

Common Names: Cubos, B+

Medicinal
Psicoactivo

About

Physical Characteristics

Caps:

Cónico, con forma fálica

Gills:

Estrecho a ligeramente ensanchado en el centro, pálido y grisáceo

Cognitive Effects

Creatividad

Muchas personas informan de una mayor creatividad y una sensación de fluidez ideacional aumentada bajo la influencia de la psilocibina. Esto puede incluir habilidades mejoradas para resolver problemas, nuevos conocimientos y pensamiento innovador.

Psychoactive Effects

AlucinóGeno

Induce alucinaciones: ver, oír o sentir sensaciones que parecen reales pero no lo son.

EufóRico

Crea sentimientos intensos de felicidad o emoción

Perceptual

Cambios en la percepción del tiempo, la percepción espacial y la percepción del propio cuerpo

Helps With

Depresión

Proporciona alivio de los sentimientos de profunda desesperación y abatimiento.

Ansiedad

Ayuda a aliviar sentimientos de preocupación, miedo e inquietud.

Adicción

Ayuda a superar la dependencia de una sustancia, cosa o actividad en particular.

TEPT

Ayuda a aliviar los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático

TOC

Ayuda a aliviar los síntomas del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo

TDA TDAH

Ayuda a aliviar los síntomas del trastorno por déficit de atención y del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad.

Dolor

El microdosing de psilocibina ha demostrado ayudar con ciertos tipos de dolor.

Migrañas

La investigación muestra que la psilocibina, el compuesto activo en los hongos alucinógenos, tiene potenciales beneficios terapéuticos para las migrañas. Un estudio a pequeña escala realizado por la Escuela de Medicina de Yale encontró que una sola dosis de psilocibina redujo la probabilidad de tener un ataque de migraña en dos semanas.

Possible Side Effects

Náusea

Puede causar malestar o angustia en el estómago acompañado de una necesidad de vomitar.

Paranoia

Induce una desconfianza extrema e irracional hacia los demás.

Medicinal Chemistry

Similar Species

Galerina marginata

Species: Galerina marginata

Edibility: Venenoso

Key Differences: Galerina marginata tiene un sombrero más marrón y no se vuelve azul al magullarse como Psilocybe cubensis.

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References


  • The mushroom was more alive and vibrant”: Patient reports of synthetic versus organic forms of psilocybin

  • Interest in psychedelic research in the West is surging, however, clinical trials have almost exclusively studied synthetic compounds such as MDMA, ketamine, DMT, LSD, ibogaine, and psilocybin. To date, few clinical trials have utilized whole mushroom/plant material like Psilocybe mushrooms, Iboga, or Ayahuasca. Individuals participating in the Roots To Thrive Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for End of Life Distress program were administered synthetic psilocybin, whole Psilocybe cubensis, and mycological extract on separate occasions and post-treatment interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed to discern themes and patterns. There was broad consensus that all three forms were helpful and similar, all generating visual and perceptual distortions, emotional and cognitive insight, and mystical experiences. However, synthetic psilocybin was said to feel less natural compared to organic forms, and the overall quality of experience of synthetic psilocybin was inferior to the organic forms. Research should be conducted with whole psychedelic mushrooms and extract in addition to synthetic psilocybin given this preliminary data, especially when considering that medicine keepers around the world have utilized whole mushrooms and plant material for millennia.

    2024

  • Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genus Psilocybe and evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster

  • Therapeutic use of psilocybin from “magic mushrooms” is revolutionizing mental health treatment for many conditions, including depression, PTSD, and end-of-life care. However, knowledge of Psilocybe diversity and its evolutionary history is substantially incomplete. Our study presents the most extensive phylogenomic dataset across Psilocybe to date, with 23 samples derived from type specimens. Using ~3,000 single-copy gene families, we recovered a robust and well-supported phylogeny. Mapping psilocybin biosynthetic gene orthologs on the phylogeny revealed two types of gene cluster order corresponding to a deep split in the genus. Molecular dating suggests psilocybin biosynthesis arose in Psilocybe ~67 mya, concurrent with the K-Pg mass extinction event. A significant advancement in the understanding of Psilocybe evolution and psilocybin biosynthesis is presented.

    2024

  • Antidepressant-like effects of psychedelics in a chronic despair mouse model: is the 5-HT2A receptor the unique player?

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling psychiatric disorders in the world. First-line treatments such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) still have many limitations, including a resistance to treatment in 30% of patients and a delayed clinical benefit that is observed only after several weeks of treatment. Increasing clinical evidence indicates that the acute administration of psychedelic agonists of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR), such as psilocybin, to patients with MDD induce fast antidepressant effects, which persist up to five weeks after the treatment.

    2024

  • Comparative acute effects of mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study in healthy participants

  • Mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin are classic serotonergic psychedelics. A valid, direct comparison of the effects of these substances is lacking. The main goal of the present study was to investigate potential pharmacological, physiological and phenomenological differences at psychoactive-equivalent doses of mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin. The present study used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design to compare the acute subjective effects, autonomic effects, and pharmacokinetics of typically used, moderate to high doses of mescaline (300 and 500 mg), LSD (100 µg), and psilocybin (20 mg) in 32 healthy participants. A mescaline dose of 300 mg was used in the first 16 participants and 500 mg was used in the subsequent 16 participants.

    2023

  • Cardiac Arrest Associated With Psilocybin Use and Hereditary Hemochromatosis

  • Recreational drug use is a significant public health concern in various countries. It is well understood that usage of psychedelics/hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ecstasy, phencyclidine (PCP), and psilocybin-containing mushrooms, has increased significantly over the last few decades, particularly in adolescents and young adults, yet the effects of these recreational drugs are poorly understood. Psilocybin has recently been studied as an alternative to traditional antidepressant therapies with potentially benign side effects.

    2023

  • Exploratory investigation of a patient-informed low-dose psilocybin pulse regimen in the suppression of cluster headache: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

  • Using a patient-informed regimen, we conducted an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to systematically investigate the effects of psilocybin in cluster headache.

    2022

  • Human Cortical Serotonin 2A Receptor Occupancy by Psilocybin Measured Using [11C]MDL 100,907 Dynamic PET and a Resting-State fMRI-Based Brain Parcellation

  • Psilocybin (a serotonin 2A, or 5-HT2A, receptor agonist) has shown preliminary efficacy as a treatment for mood and substance use disorders. The current report utilized positron emission tomography (PET) with the selective 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist radioligand [11C]MDL 100,907 (a.k.a. M100,907) and cortical regions of interest (ROIs) derived from resting-state functional connectivity-based brain parcellations in 4 healthy volunteers (2 females) to determine regional occupancy/target engagement of 5-HT2A receptors after oral administration of a psychoactive dose of psilocybin (10 mg/70 kg).

    2022

  • Hopelessness, Suicidality, and Co-Occurring Substance Use among Adolescent Hallucinogen Users—A National Survey Study

  • Hallucinogens are being explored as a potential treatment of psychiatric disorders. Micro dosing of illicitly purchased hallucinogen drugs is on the rise despite conclusive benefits. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and odds of hopelessness, suicidality, and co-occurring substance use among adolescent hallucinogen users.

    2022

  • A whole genome atlas of 81 Psilocybe genomes as a resource for psilocybin production.

  • The Psilocybe genus is well known for the synthesis of valuable psychoactive compounds such as Psilocybin, Psilocin, Baeocystin and Aeruginascin. The ubiquity of Psilocybin synthesis in Psilocybe has been attributed to a horizontal gene transfer mechanism of a ~20Kb gene cluster. A recently published highly contiguous reference genome derived from long read single molecule sequencing has underscored interesting variation in this Psilocybin synthesis gene cluster. This reference genome has also enabled the shotgun sequencing of spores from many Psilocybe strains to better catalog the genomic diversity in the Psilocybin synthesis pathway. Here we present the de novo assembly of 81 Psilocybe genomes compared to the P.envy reference genome. Surprisingly, the genomes of Psilocybe galindoi, Psilocybe tampanensis and Psilocybe azurescens lack sequence coverage over the previously described Psilocybin synthesis pathway but do demonstrate amino acid sequence homology to a less contiguous gene cluster and may illuminate the previously proposed evolution of psilocybin synthesis.

    2021

  • Psilocybin: From Serendipity to Credibility?

  • Psilocybin has a long history of non-medical use and some seem to infer from this that it has therapeutic utility. Early phase clinical trials with psilocybin are encouraging, but suggest only that larger, multicentre trials are required. These are ongoing but will take many years to complete. Meanwhile, retreat centers offering paid experiences with psilocybin truffles have opened in some countries, often using early phase clinical trial data as a basis for bold, public facing claims. This seems unwise. Early phase trials are not designed for their results to be generalized outside the setting they were undertaken in.

    2021